Arthrosis (Greek: arthr) is a group of diseases that damage the joints of the human body.
The left side of the photo of the healthy person.On the right, a person with severe arthrosis in the right hip joint.It can be seen that the channel is completely closed.Severe pain occurs and the patient cannot stand up.
There are more than 100 different forms of arthrosis.The most common form, osteoarthritis (damage to the joint ends of joint bones) results from joint trauma, joint infection, or age-related factors.
Other forms of arthrosis include rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatism), gout, psoriatic arthritis and related autoimmune diseases.Septic arthrosis develops as a result of joint infection.All forms have one common symptom - joint pain.
Symptoms
All types of arthrosis are accompanied by pain, the nature of which determines its type.It is characterized by reddening of the skin, limited movement of the knee joint and changes in shape.Disease-prone joints often crack unnaturally when stressed.The patient may experience difficulties in cases where physical activity is required.
The elements of the medical history determine the diagnosis.Important elements are the time of onset and rate of development of the disease, the presence of immobility in the morning, pain, "locking" of the joint due to inactivity, etc.For a more accurate diagnosis, radiography and tomography are used.
Causes of arthrosis
The pain of osteoarthritis occurs due to inflammation around the joint.Joint damage due to disease, daily rubbing, muscle tension.Joint pain is often constant.The pain can be localized in the affected areas.
Classification of osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is divided into primary and secondary.There are 4 degrees of arthrosis:
Knee joint 1st degree arthrosis - softening of the cartilage occurs, it can be felt on the surface of the knee.It is not visible on X-ray.
2nd degree osteoarthritis of the knee joint - the cartilage starts to wear down and the picture shows a narrowing of the joint space.
3rd degree arthrosis of the knee joint - osteophytes appear, treatment is more difficult.Difficult to distinguish from 2nd degree.
Arthrosis of the knee joint is 4 degrees - the bones are in contact with each other, osteophytes grow and the joint is distorted.
Arthrosis of the patellofemoral joint
Patellofemoral osteoarthritis is damage to the cartilage between the kneecap and the femur.Unlike other types of knee OA, which occur on the inside (medial) and outside (lateral) sides of the knee and cause difficulty walking on horizontal surfaces, patellofemoral osteoarthritis causes pain in the front of the knee when squatting and rising from a sitting position.In such cases, a knee brace helps a lot.Patients who wore the braces daily had significantly less joint damage on MRI and less knee pain.
Prevention and treatment of arthrosis of the knee joint
Osteoarthritis, like rheumatoid arthritis, cannot be completely cured without surgery, but measures can be taken to prevent the condition from worsening.Weight measurement is key to improving symptoms and preventing disease progression.In the case of osteoarthritis, physical therapy is recommended to strengthen the muscles and joints.In particular, ESMA equipment is effective in dealing with this.Patients also require medication.If the disease develops rapidly and the pain is constant, surgery is recommended.Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, many people with osteoarthritis benefit from joint replacement.There are synovial injections - injections of intra-articular fluid.They allow the patient to get rid of pain for 8 months, after which the procedure is repeated.Bee venom treatment is also effective in relieving pain.
X-ray of the knee with an artificial prosthesis after joint replacement.
Prevention of arthrosis
It includes procedures: massage, hydrotherapy, medical gymnastics, herbal preparations, dietary supplements, aromatherapy, hot and cold treatment, health exercises, diet.
According to statistics, more than 43 million Americans today suffer from pain when bending the knee.According to statistics, it is one of the main causes of disability in the country.About 1 in 7 Americans suffer from it.As age advances, the likelihood of developing arthrosis increases.